了解构词法是扩大词汇量的一条捷径

　　在英语学习中，要扩大词汇量，不能光靠死记硬背。了解英语单词的构成方法，是帮助我们快速扩大词汇量的一条捷径。构词方法主要有以下几种：

　　1．派生法 derivation

　　centre    central    centralize    decentralize

　　honest   honesty    dishonest

　　complete  completion  completely  incomplete  incompletion

　　2. 复合法  compounding

　　spaceship   greenhouse    hotline   mass-produce

　　3. 转类法   conversion

　　weed   to weed a garden;   stand  to make one’s stand;   slow   slow one’s pace

　　4. 首字母缩略法  acronym

　　BBC:  British Broadcasting Corporation  (British Born Chinese)

　　ABC:  American Broadcasting Company  (American Born Chinese)

　　Radar:  radio detecting and ranging

　　NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

　　WTO: World Trade Organization

　　5．截短法   clipping

　　Automobile---auto      telephone----phone     refrigerator--fridge

　　6．拼缀法   blending

　　Smoke+ fog-----smog      comsat----communications+satellite 通信卫星

　　Talkathon=talk+marathon 马拉松式冗长演说

　　Docudrama=documentary+drama 文献电视片

　　7．逆生法  back-formation

　　Editor---edit

　　Automation---automate

　　前三种最主要，最常用。

　　151. oscillate   v.  振荡，振动  vibrate

　　The tall building oscillated when the earthquake occurred.

　　The windows were oscillating when the truck was passing by.

　　The earthquake oscillated the lamp.

　　152. penetrate  v.  穿透，刺入   penetrate through/into  渗透，穿过

　　The knife penetrated his stomach.

　　The rain penetrated my jacket.

　　Our eyes couldn’t penetrate the darkness.

　　The nail penetrated all the way through the wood.

　　The smell penetrated into the room.

　　153. perceive  v.  察觉，感知，认识到

　　perceive sth.  觉察到

　　perceive sb. doing  觉察到某人做某事

　　perceive that…  理解，领会

　　perceive…as 把…看作

　　He perceived his error.

　　I can’t perceive the difference between the coins.

　　I perceived that you are tired.

　　We perceived him trying to avoid something.

　　We perceived the problem as the most difficult one.

　　154. permanent   adj.   永久的，持久的

　　They built a permanent monument to the hero.

　　He got a permanent position in the Civil Service.  文官职位

　　When you fill in the application form, please use your permanent address so that you can be contacted easily later.

　　155. pessimistic   adj.   悲观的     反义词为：optimistic

　　He is always pessimistic about his future.

　　Don’t be pessimistic, we still stand a chance.

　　They are pessimistic about the stocks.

　　156. pierce   vt.  刺穿，刺破，穿透

　　The path pierced the wilderness.

　　The cold pierced him to the bone.

　　The rocket pierced through space. 火箭穿过太空

　　His heart was pierced with grief.

　　157. plead for   v.   恳求，为…辩护

　　The man pleaded for another chance.

　　They pleaded for more time.

　　He asked me to plead for him.

　　They are the unfortunate who can’t plead for themselves.

　　158. postulate    v.  假定  suppose

　　They postulate that there is little moral difference between the superpowers.

　　We postulate that he has got the information.

　　We postulate the existence of matter.

　　159. postpone  vt.  推迟，使延期  =put off,  delay    取消  cancel,  call off

　　postpone (doing)sth.  推迟做…

　　postpone …until/till/to 把…推迟到

　　We have to postpone the sports meet because of the rain.

　　The concert was postponed till next Saturday.

　　But you kept postponing your coming.

　　He postponed handing in the report.

　　160 precaution  n.  预防，警惕，防范  prevention

　　Take precautions against fire!

　　He took an umbrella with him every day as a precaution.

　　It is a wise precaution to lock all the doors at night.

　　Take every precaution so as not to catch cold.

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页