（以下均节选自万学海文《2009考研英语阅读理解技巧标准全书》）

　　阅读作为考研英语分数比值最大的部分，历来都是考生们备战考研英语的制胜真经。然而，这部分分数却让不少考生“望分兴叹” 。事实上，它并没有考生们认为的那么难，只要掌握了阅读理解的解题“必杀技”，就可以攻破出题人的“拳数套路” 。下面以选自于万学·海文教研中心研发的《2009考研英语阅读理解技巧标准全书》中的一篇与经济学相关的篇目为例，教你掌握阅读理解解题“必杀技”，让我们先从传统阅读开始。

　　传统阅读 经济篇

　　对于考研阅读试题，由于客观试题本身对选项的要求--解的唯一性和选项间的不可争议性。而社会科学本身不同于自然科学，有非常明确的界限。命题人为了避免两者之间的冲突，所选文章通常具有以下两大特点：

　　1．文章中心单一、突出，即整个文章的说明或论述均紧紧围绕一个中心进行。

　　2．作者对所描述或论述的事物持有的态度褒贬分明（当然，客观描述某些事件的态度除外，因为作者态度是客观的，就不会有个人的褒贬之态）。

　　文章的这两大特点也构成了考生在正确答题时的两条宏观主线（通常考生把握这两点足以保证拿下阅读试题中70%以上的分数）。

　　如：

　　When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero is not biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I'm a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle--brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too，” she says.

　　Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealer-ships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. But don't sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.

　　Consumers say they are not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,” says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied(a.狂乱的) overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,” says John Deadly, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.

　　Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential homebuyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers would not mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant need to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting. (2004.P3)

　　51. By “Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet” (Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means             .

　　A. Spero can hardly maintain her business

　　B. Spero is too much engaged in her work

　　C. Spero has grown out of her bad habit

　　D. Spero is not in a desperate situation

　　【解答过程】解题思路一：

　　从文章中各种带有感情色彩的短语“don't sound any alarms”，“only concerned, not panicked”，“remain optimistic”，“not in despair”，“still feel pretty good”，“feel pretty comfortable”和“still be worth toasting”，我们可以看到，作者及美国人对整个经济的不景气持乐观态度。A项Spero几乎不能维持他的生意了。如果商业到了这般状况，人们还会对经济乐观得起来吗？A违背了文中的基本态度，排除。B项Spero太忙于自己的工作，文中第二句提到了Spero不能修剪、锉磨、上油指甲到他想要的数量，并且后文中又提到Spero在不断降低自己的经营规模，均说明生意在萎缩，生意不景气显然不可能有太多的活要做，排除B。选项C Spero已经改掉了他的坏脾气，文中根本就没有提及这个内容，排除C。选项D Spero并没有陷于绝望的境地，正好符合作者的乐观态度基调，且与后文吻合，所以答案选D。

　　解题思路二：

　　从中心与态度角度判断，A偏离文中态度基调，B、C谈到的均是具体表面的含义，偏离了文章中心，排除。同样，答案为D。

　　52. How do the public feel about the current economic situation?

　　A. Optimistic.

　　B. Confused.

　　C. Carefree.

　　D. Panicked.

　　【解答过程】上面已有分析，答案为A 乐观的。B困惑的，C无忧虑的（乐观并不代表没有忧虑，文中谈到“only concerned, not panicked”正是说明这一点），D恐慌的，均不符合文意，排除。

[1] [2] 下一页